Ubuntu: Create, Remove and manage folders

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📁 Create and Delete a Folder (Directory) in Linux

✅ Create a Folder

To create a folder (directory), use:

sudo mkdir /path/to/foldername

• This creates a new directory at the specified path.
• Use the -p flag if parent directories don’t exist yet:

sudo mkdir -p /path/to/foldername

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🗑️ Delete a Folder

To remove an empty directory:

sudo rmdir /path/to/foldername

If the folder is not empty, use:

sudo rm -r /path/to/foldername

⚠️ Be cautious with rm -r — it deletes everything inside the folder.

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🔐 Change Folder Permissions

1. Change Ownership (user and group):

sudo chown username:groupname /path/to/foldername

Example:

sudo chown john:john /path/to/foldername

2. Change Access Rights (Permissions):

sudo chmod 755 /path/to/foldername

Common permission modes:

• 755 – Owner can read/write/execute; others can read/execute.
• 700 – Only the owner has full access.
• 777 – Everyone has full access (not recommended for sensitive folders).

You can also use symbolic permissions:

sudo chmod u+rwx,g+rx,o+rx /path/to/foldername

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